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Gynecological cancers include cancers of the cervix, uterus (endometrium), ovaries, vagina, and vulva. Among these, cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women, particularly in developing countries. Early detection through regular screening and timely treatment plays a crucial role in improving survival and outcomes.
Radiation therapy is a key component in the management of cervical and other gynecological cancers. It may be used as a primary treatment, after surgery, or in combination with chemotherapy depending on the stage and spread of the disease. Modern radiation techniques ensure accurate targeting of the tumor while protecting surrounding organs such as the bladder, rectum, and bowel.
Treatment planning involves detailed evaluation including pelvic examination, biopsy, and imaging studies such as CT, MRI, or PET scans to determine the stage and extent of disease. Based on findings, treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these modalities.
Brachytherapy (internal radiation) is commonly used in cervical cancer to deliver high-dose radiation directly to the tumor with minimal exposure to nearby organs. External beam radiation therapy using advanced techniques such as IMRT and IGRT further enhances precision and safety.
With early diagnosis and comprehensive multidisciplinary care, many gynecological cancers can be effectively treated, offering improved survival rates and better quality of life.
